![]() On hover/focus/active, we bring a particular element to the forefront with a higher z-index value to show their border over the sibling elements. To handle overlapping borders within components (e.g., buttons and inputs in input groups), we use low single digit z-index values of 1, 2, and 3 for default, hover, and active states. $zindex-dropdown : 1000 ! default $zindex-sticky : 1020 ! default $zindex-fixed : 1030 ! default $zindex-modal-backdrop : 1040 ! default $zindex-modal : 1050 ! default $zindex-popover : 1060 ! default $zindex-tooltip : 1070 ! default We don’t encourage customization of these individual values should you change one, you likely need to change them all. There’s no reason we couldn’t have used 100+ or 500+. We need a standard set of these across our layered components-tooltips, popovers, navbars, dropdowns, modals-so we can be reasonably consistent in the behaviors. These higher values start at an arbitrary number, high and specific enough to ideally avoid conflicts. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’s been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more. Several Bootstrap components utilize z-index, the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) // No media query for `xs` since this is the default in Bootstrap // Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) ( min-width : 576px ) Z-index These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes.īootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges-or breakpoints-in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components. Inside the wider column, add the following code: Title įor more details, head over to Bootstrap’s Grid docs, which are really user-friendly and packed with awesome information.Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of media queries to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. Our demo is going to have three equal-length, nested columns. You can’t have more than 12 columns overall, but you can certainly have fewer than 12 if you like. This particular one is part of the spacing utility classes and is used to create some margin at the bottom of each column.īootstrap lets you easily nest columns by adding a further div element with the class of row inside the containing column. The mb-4 class is one of the many utility classes Bootstrap makes available. Their sum amounts to 12, which is the total number of columns in the Bootstrap grid: 8 + 4 = 12. Also, notice the numbers at the end of the col-md-* class. Smaller screens will get both columns stacked on top of each other. The col-md-* class indicates that the two-column layout will only be triggered from medium-sized screens upwards. disable-responsive-font-size class Lorem ipsum text No demo without Lorem ipsum text. Disable responsive font-size Responsive font-sizing can be disabled within an element by adding the. The result of RFS in Bootstrap is shown on the bootstrap RFS demo site. We start by sectioning out the page into two columns, a wider and a smaller column. Currenty there is an open feature-request to put RFS in Bootstrap: Responsive font sizes. data-target is used to identify which menus to hide/show.įor the content section, we’ll be using the new Flexbox-based Bootstrap grid system. Also see we’ve used data-toggle=collapse that Bootstrap uses to hide/show the menu items in smaller windows. ![]() This link is visible only on the smaller screens with a list icon. Just below the branding, you might be seeing an additional link with the navbar-toggler class that wraps a span navbar-toggler-icon. ![]() The nav items are wrapped inside an additional div with the classes collapse navbar-collapse, which are used to make the menu appear like a stack when viewing in smaller browsers. It should be clear that adding the class navbar-brand gives the title a clean look and is used for the website’s name. The branding and menu items are self-explanatory. ![]() Let’s see the real magical stuff that makes the navigation responsive. Till now, whatever we’ve added is just the basic structure of our navigation bar. The container is used to contain everything inside the navigation bar as a wrapper. Let’s move ahead and insert some more code into it: The navbar-light and bg-light classes control the text color and background color of the navigation bar respectively. An additional fixed-top class makes it stick to the top of the page. The navbar class is for showing the navigation section. This is going to be fixed to the top of the website, as you’ve seen in the demo page. It will contain the website’s title and some right-aligned menu link items. Let’s build the navigation bar of the website. ![]()
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